Carpeting

Fibers

The type of fiber has an impact on everything from a carpet's aesthetics to its cost. More than 90 percent of wall-to-wall carpets are made of synthetic fibers, such as nylon, polyester, and olefin/polypropylene.

Nylon is the most popular choice, representing roughly two-thirds of the carpet fiber bought in the United States. The material is popular for a reason—it's the most durable of all of the synthetic carpet fibers and is able to withstand the weight of furniture without becoming permanently crushed. It's also pleasing to the touch, particularly when very fine nylon fibers are used. Unless it's treated with a protectant, however, nylon is not as resistant to soil and sunlight as some of the other synthetic fibers. Nylon runs from $8 to upwards of $50 a square yard, depending on such factors as the quality of the fiber, the dyeing method, and any added stain treatments.

Prized for its soft, luxurious hand and vivid dyed colors, polyester is also a frequently used thread. It is more stain-, fade-, and water-resistant than nylon, although not as strong and durable. Polyester is also a little cheaper than nylon: It's generally priced at $6.50 to $30 a square yard.

Olefin (or polypropylene) is the least expensive fiber option. It's wear-resistant and not susceptible to fading and staining, although it mats and crushes more easily than nylon. Unless it has been scoured, olefin may have a light oil film that can attract soil. Olefin ranges from $5 to $18 a square yard.

The main alternative to synthetics is wool, which accounts for 2 to 3 percent of all carpet purchased in the United States. Popular among decorators and those who prefer natural materials, wool is durable, pleasing to the touch, stain-resistant, and available in rich, vibrant colors. It is not, however, inherently water-resistant. Wool can cost almost twice as much as synthetic carpet: Prices start around $40 a square yard, with designer options reaching $100 plus.